نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 هیئت علمی گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت.
2 دانشجوی معماری مسکن، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم وصنعت
3 گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهر سازی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
The world is currently facing two major crises: the environmental crisis and the housing crisis. The environmental crisis, characterized by climate change, biodiversity loss, and pollution, poses a significant threat to our planet. The housing crisis, particularly in Iran, has left many people without access to affordable and sustainable housing. These crises are interconnected, as the construction and maintenance of housing contribute significantly to environmental degradation. Therefore, it is crucial to address these crises simultaneously by developing affordable, sustainable housing.
In the past two decades, the necessity of achieving affordable, sustainable housing has been widely accepted. This acceptance has led to the emergence of various conceptual models, frameworks, and architectural patterns. However, the specific form that such housing should take remains ambiguous. This ambiguity has created a gap in our understanding and application of these models, frameworks, and patterns.
This research was conducted with the aim of defining an architectural pattern for affordable, sustainable housing and identifying design solutions. The research method was a combination of descriptive and analytical methods, utilizing descriptive, exploratory, and comparative research approaches in two steps.
In the first step, through content analysis, recurrent physical components in previous studies were identified. These components were then categorized into two groups based on their relationship and mutual impact. This categorization helped in understanding the interplay between different components and how they contribute to the overall design of affordable, sustainable housing.
In the second step, successful case studies were analyzed based on the extracted components from the first step. By comparing these case studies with each other, design solutions were obtained. These solutions provide a roadmap for designing affordable, sustainable housing.
The research findings show that in conceptual frameworks and previous studies, there are nine frequent and generalizable components related to the design of affordable, sustainable housing. These components were extracted from the literature and are also realized in successful global examples through various solutions and differences in each case.
These components include the possibility of resident interaction at the neighborhood level, safety and security, public green space, functional mix, perceived/actual quality, optimal unit sizes, a mix of units with size variety, flexible design, and environmentally efficient design (energy/water focus).
The identified components, both physical and functional characteristics, and implementation solutions outline an architectural pattern for housing. This pattern can guide designers and developers of affordable, sustainable housing.
The results indicate that in this type of housing, aimed at economic design, efforts for sustainable design to reduce living costs, eliminate dedicated parking, allocate semi-public open space and green space to compensate for the small size of units and increase social sustainability, full compliance of the form with functionality, and sometimes choosing the simplest possible form due to the speed and ease of construction and reduced building life cycle costs, are common and repetitive solutions.
In conclusion, this research provides a comprehensive architectural pattern for affordable, sustainable housing. It not only identifies the key components of such housing but also provides practical design solutions. These findings can serve as a valuable resource for designers and developers in their quest to create affordable, sustainable housing. The research findings provide a solid foundation for future studies and practical applications in this field.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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