Identification and Evaluation of Physical/Functional Characteristics of Sustainable Affordable Housing: A Comparative Analysis of Seven Case Studies

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Abdolmohammad Moghtadaei Rad 1
Ali Ghaffari 2
Neda Sadat Sahragard Monfared 3
1 Master of Housing Architecture, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
2 Professor, Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
10.22034/usd.2024.2013692.1146
Abstract
Despite the acceptance of the necessity of achieving affordable, sustainable housing in the last twenty years and the emergence of conceptual models, frameworks, and architectural patterns, the specific form of such housing remains ambiguous. Therefore, this research, with the aim of defining an architectural pattern for affordable, sustainable housing and identifying design solutions, was conducted. The research method was a combination of descriptive and analytical methods, utilizing descriptive, exploratory, and comparative research approaches in two steps. In the first step, through content analysis, recurrent physical components in previous studies were identified and categorized into two groups based on their relationship and mutual impact. In the second step, successful case studies were analyzed based on the extracted components from the first step, and by comparing them with each other, design solutions were obtained as results. The research finding show that in conceptual frameworks and previous studies. There are nine frequent and generalizable components related to the design of affordable, sustainable housing extracted from the literature, which are also realized in successful global examples through various solutions and differences in each case. These components include the possibility of resident interaction at the neighborhood level, safety and security, public green space, functional mix, perceived/actual quality, optimal unit sizes, a mix of units with size variety, flexible design, and environmentally efficient design (energy/water focus). The identified components, both physical and functional characteristics, and implementation solutions outline an architectural pattern for housing that can guide affordable, sustainable housing designers and developers. The results indicate that in this type of housing, aimed at economic design, efforts for sustainable design to reduce living costs, eliminate dedicated parking, allocate semi-public open space and green space  to compensate for the small size of units and increase social sustainability, full compliance of the form with functionality, and sometimes choosing the simplest possible form due to the speed and ease of construction and reduced building life cycle costs, are common and repetitive solutions.

Keywords

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Journal of Urban Sustainable Development
Volume 6, Issue 18
Spring 2025
Pages 23-44