Climate change of ZayandehRood watershed based on IPCC scenarios and Köppen–Geiger classification

Climatic conditions of each location play an important role in the living quality and quantity of human and other living things, so any activity or macro-planning is not possible without knowing the climate, and climatic division or knowledge of climatic zones in land planning and spatial planning is essential. The aim of this study is to predict climate change in ZayandehRood watershed based on IPCC scenarios and Köppen–Geiger classification. In this research, monthly temperature and precipitation data simulated by TYNSC2.03 in the 21st century (2001-2100) has been used. For this purpose, ZayandehRood watershed divided and studied in the form of a network with dimensions of 45 x 55 km per unit. The results of the defined scenarios A1F1, A2, B1 and B2 indicate that the conditions of the watershed will move towards warming and desertification and the intensity of these changes is more evident in the upstream and downstream of the watershed. The results show that in all scenarios and time periods, Pixel 8, which is located near Fereydunshahr, will have the most changes. However, the extent of these changes is more evident in A1F1 and A2 scenarios, which include climate change from Dsa to Csa in both A1F1 and A2 scenarios from 2001-2025 to 2025-2050, and from Csa to Bsk from 2051-2075 to 2076-2100. Given the conditions envisaged in the scenarios, mitigation measures, including reducing greenhouse gas emissions, upgrading and expanding clean technologies, and protecting forests, are essential to tackling climate change.